
The short forms now preferred by Chicago are followed by the same examples using ibid. In the following examples, shortened citations are used for the first reference, as in a work with a full bibliography. saves no space, and in electronic formats that link to one note at a time, ibid. Shortened citations generally take up less than a line, meaning that ibid.

in favor of shortened citations as described elsewhere in this section to avoid repetition, the title of a work just cited may be omitted. In a departure from previous editions, Chicago discourages the use of ibid.

usually refers to a single work cited in the note immediately preceding. Create Chicago-style footnotes in MS Word
